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October 31, 2005

Intelligence and Wisdom: Knowing the Difference: Thirty Second Sunday in Ordinary Time

I imagine many of us must say to ourselves occasionally: "Gosh, I wish I had been born with a genetically higher IQ. Just think, I could have gone to a really top flight university, come away with a couple Ph.D.'s, gotten the job I always wanted, made a million bucks and retired at 45." Sounds so great, doesn't it. Few of us are ever satisfied with the "brains" we were born with. There is always someone out there who is smarter than we are, someone with a better job, more money, a brighter future. But at the same time, most of us just struggle along with the "equipment" we were born with and thank God we are able to get along even though we may not ever break any records.

Intelligence is a wonderful gift, when you think about it. It distinguishes us from other life species in our world. It helps us discover where we fit in, how we can do things that may make a difference in the world. The temptation, of course, is always to compare ourselves with someone who seems to more highly endowed with intelligence. In today's world people more and more are using the term "intelligent design" when talking about the origins of the universe, as though God sat down one day and tried to figure out how all the elements of the universe should fit together.

The fact is, of course, all created beings, including ourselves, are not simply stamped out in the same pattern: In the human world some people are more intelligent, better looking, more insightful, more creative than others. There is no absolute standard. For whatever reason, we are all born differently from one another, which, I suppose, is fortunate in the end. Sameness can be dull.

Now, to say that someone is smart or intelligent is always nice and complimentary, but intelligence is not the same as wisdom. Lots of people are smart but not all are wise. In fact, our scriptures today commend people not for being smart, but for being wise. Notice the words of the first reading from the Book of Wisdom itself which presents wisdom as a person, indeed, a woman, "Lady Wisdom." I shall paraphrase the sentences: "Brilliant and long-lasting is wisdom; the one who waits for her shall not be disappointed; whoever keeps vigil for her will not go unrewarded." What all this means is that it is smart to search for wisdom. You will not be disappointed. Something good will come of it.

Interestingly, the gospel also "feminizes" wisdom in the character of two sets of wedding attendants, five foolish and five wise, five who were ready for the wedding reception and five who got left out in the cold. The point, of course, is that God breaks in with opportunities when one least expects it; but they only come once. The wise person does not let them slip by.

So, what does wisdom look like in ordinary life? How would you know it if you met it in some human individual? I can think of a few examples. I often expect to find wisdom in the elderly and I am not usually disappointed because seniors have lived a lot of life and they know the false from the true, the lasting from the passing. So, I pay attention when seniors speak because I know that I will learn something of great value.

It may seem odd to say so, but I also have learned something about wisdom from little children. Pay attention to little kids: They will ordinarily tell you the truth when you ask them. Their minds have not yet been confused by conflicting theories. They simply observe life around them and tell you what it means to them. They can also ask some embarrassing questions, the shortest of which is "why?" "Why does this happen?"

I also expect to find wisdom in people who think and speak slowly and deliberately, people who reflect on life before making decisions. If they do not know the answer to some problem, they will tell you when they have thought about it more deeply.

In short, wisdom people seem to be able to see the differences between things in this world. Here are a few thoughts that came to mind: Wisdom means trying to discover the meaning of the day and the hour, not the hour of death, but this hour in which we are living at the moment, this moment that will never be repeated, this moment filled with so many opportunities to understand the world and how we fit into it.

Wisdom could mean taking a moment to discover God, to discover the sacred in the little world that only we individually know best.

Wisdom could mean paying attention to the little things in life, the seemingly insignificant that often end up meaning a lot if we reflect on them.

Wisdom could mean trying to sift out the chaff from the wheat, the important from the less important things, the passing from the lasting.

Wisdom could mean trying to discover beauty and loveliness wherever it appears.

Finally, the ancient Greek philosophers had a unique description of wisdom: It was simply the advice: "Know thyself." That may seem like a gratuitous suggestion. Who of us does not know ourselves? Nonetheless, when you think about it, we are truly a mystery to ourselves throughout our life. We keep discovering things that surprise us and that were never very clear earlier on.

The question finally comes to this: Why do the scriptures which the church chooses to help us worship, why do these special scriptures on wisdom appear at this time of the year. Actually, it has a lot to do with end times. We are coming to the end of the liturgical year, and, of course, the end of anything can get us thinking about the past, what we have done with the time which has just expired, what we hope to do with opportunities still open to us in the days and months ahead. The point is that God, like the bridegroom in the gospel story comes to us, breaks into our lives at unexpected times, at moments when we least expect it. The wise person, like the five wise wedding attendants, therefore, is never surprised at God's coming. That coming happens every day, of course. There is no warning. God uses all sorts of experiences to let us know that something sacred is happening right now and if we are wise we will "capture the moment" because it will probably never come around again, at least not like this.

The scriptures: Wisdom 3:12-16, 1 Thessalonians 4: 13-18 Matthew 25: 1-13

Posted by Julie Galligan at 10:52 AM.

October 24, 2005

Service Department: Thirty First Sunday in Ordinary Time

I'm fairly certain that there are not many folks out there in the pews today who would want to accept the nomination for pope if the offer came their way. (first of all, don't worry, it's not going to happen.) But your first response might be, "Hey, I'm not holy enough," or "I wouldn't want to wear all those heavy clothes," or "I wouldn't want to have to meet all those people every day from all over the world," or "I wouldn't want the responsibility of being pastor for the world's Catholics," or "I wouldn't want to have to work with all those cardinals."

Of course, that, in fact, is what the pope does every day, at least in part. If you are pope, you are automatically a very public person. You would need to be willing to be pastoral leader of the whole Catholic Church. Of course, you would also need to be willing to wave your arms and hands a lot!

Seriously, however, if you did decide to accept the offer to be pope, from the moment they put that "pointy hat", the mitre, on your head, you would need to get used to being a servant. Your time would never be your own again. Think about that! The pope, in fact, is actually called "the servant of the servants of God." So, the office of pope is not something one would ordinarily look forward to.

Nonetheless, being a servant is not confined to the office of the papacy. Everyone does it, or should do it. But one has to learn how to do it because it doesn't come easily; it's all about attitude, being willing to be last and least.

In the so called secular world servant hood surely does not seem to be an easy thing to learn: Think about all the elected officials who don't seem to serve us very well once elected. They often forget about the good folks who listened to them and thought it wise to put them in office, but after that, those officials do pretty much what pleases them rather than their constituents.

Servanthood, at least for officials in the church, does not always seem to come very easily or naturally either. We do have many good and selfless priests and bishops, of course, but often the so-called "clerical system" makes it difficult for them to be recognized publicly as servants. Without meaning to do so, the clerical state often seems to put priests and bishops, even religious on a level above lay folks: Even the clerical garb, the colors, the titles give a sense of self-importance to our spiritual leaders. I realize, of course, that it is not a personal matter for them, but the clerical and ecclesiastical traditions themselves often do not help us understand the nature and importance of servanthood. There is always a temptation for church leaders to take on the centuries of cultural and ecclesiastical baggage and think of themselves more seriously than they should, or at least to forget their primary role. Nothing personal intended!

It is not a modern problem, of course: in fact, even in Old Testament times, the era in which the spiritual author Malachi wrote, they were having problems with their priests. Listen to what he says: "You have turned aside from the way, you have caused many to falter by your instruction." Bad news, because that, in part, is what priests do, they teach and lead by word and example.

Notice also that things had not changed much by Jesus time: Of all the religious leaders that Jesus had hard words for, the scribes (the biblical interpreters) and the Pharisees (a group of conservative laymen) came in for the harshest criticism. Notice what Jesus says: "They make life difficult for people, placing heavy burdens on their shoulders while not doing a thing to lighten them." Then Jesus comments on "clerical garb." They broaden their phylacteries (the band of small leather boxes containing quotations from the Ten Commandments which they fastened around their foreheads or their arms) and lengthen their tassels. They love places of honor at banquets, seats of honor at synagogues, greetings in the marketplace and the salutation,'Rabbi."'

You don't get the impression that they were very much interested in being the least or the last, in being servants. Jesus had a real problem with that. In fact, he told his own disciples that they should plan to do the very opposite. "Serve one another," he says. "I have given you an example, so must you also do."

But to give you the sense also that there was some good pastoral service being done in those early days, listen to what St. Paul tells his friends in the church of Thessalonika: "Working day and night so as not to burden any of you, we proclaimed to you the Gospel of God." In any age, I should think, that is what religious servants do: They bring God's word to people without pay.

But thus far we have been talking about folks who work in the Church, priests, bishops, deacons, religious. But that says nothing at all about the rest of the folks out there, Christians and others as well, who are just as much servants doing holy service as clerics and religious. Are there any examples today of people who do the work of Jesus without wearing special clothes or having special titles? Of course, we could immediately call up the example of Mother Teresa who left a teaching order in Yugoslavia to found another order of sisters who would do nothing but care for the poor, the destitute and the dying on the streets of Calcutta and around the world. We won’t deny Mother Teresa sainthood for all that.

But forget about the "big names." The question is, are there any undeclared saints out there who serve every day without phylacteries, tassels or titles. I can think of a few off hand Who shall remain anonymous: I think of the woman, for instance, whom I see on the way to work each day who stops traffic so that the little kids can get safely across the street. No pay for that! I think of the neighborhood teenagers who help an elderly couple by picking up groceries for them. I think about the elderly man, himself on crutches, who faithfully comes to visit his wife in a nursing home every day. I think of all the people in New Orleans and the Gulf Coast who tried to make sure their neighbors were safe during Hurricane Katrina; or the public servants, National Guard people, who went for days without sleep trying to find people abandoned in their houses, handing out bottled water and "Meals Ready to Eat. That surely is human service without pay, without acclaim, no titles, no special places for awards. It is interesting that human tragedies sometimes bring out the best in us in terms of human compassion. We learn from the tragedies of others.

So, how about all of us gathered here today? My hunch is that everyone of us, young or old, would not pass up the opportunity to help someone if they needed it. It's just the most human thing to do. You don't need fancy clothes with tassels, you don't need special titles; no one needs to notice you, no award banquets expected. You just do the right and good thing and you let God pat you on the back if God chooses to do so. "Service with a smile," that's what they call it out there in the world. I think Jesus would be happy with that little piece of advertising too.

The scriptures: Malachi 1: 1- 14b-2:2b, 8-10 Thessalonians 2: 7b-9, 13, Matthew 23: 1-12

Posted by Julie Galligan at 10:59 AM.

October 17, 2005

Aliens in One's Own Land: Thirtieth Sunday in Ordinary Time

Think of this word for a moment: Alien. What comes to your mind? Someone from another country perhaps, even someone from another planet if you are a fan of Star Wars? Sometimes the word alien even carries with it a foreboding meaning: Someone who wishes to invade your country, even your home.

Unfortunately, the word or concept alien has always carried with it a threatening connotation, someone different from ourselves, whether he or she invades our turf or not. For that reason we often feel afraid or defensive when it seems to apply to our relationship with others. Perhaps it is simply because we don't quite know what to make out of those who are different from us, different by culture, nationality, religion, color. The unknown is always a threat at least until we can get it all figured out. In the meantime, anything that disturbs our peace and tranquility will be considered an enemy. We all get used to our own personal ways of life. They are our guardian, they make life stable, livable.

Actually, the word alien, taken from its Latin roots, means "an other," "another" a person different from ourselves, a person standing along side us, on the other side, someone from anther place. Now, that does not sound so threatening, does it? We all stand somewhere in the world, and others stand along side us, whether they are the same or different from us. That's simply the way it is in this world populated with so many different folks.

You will have noticed in our first reading a moment ago some references to aliens in biblical history. For many centuries the Israelite people lived and traveled by themselves with no one to threaten them. But once they began to acquire land from other people by military might, they found themselves threatened by those very people whose land they had invaded. It did not seem to occur to them that they themselves were actually the alien invaders.

It took someone like Moses, the one who had received the Commandments from God, to remind them that they had once been aliens themselves, foreigners in the foreign land of Egypt. So, Moses reminds them that they need to respect the people with whom they now live: No gouging, no cheating, no extortion. "Treat them like your neighbor," Moses says, "not like an enemy."

It occurs to me to say that given the great mix of people in the world, the great shifting of populations, perhaps there are no foreigners, no aliens anymore, or should not be. When you think about it, we are all human beings, all the same, albeit of different nationalities, color, ethnic or religious origins. But in a sense all those qualities are "add-on" features that we have picked up from being born in a particular place, to these parents, in this church, et cetera. Ultimately, however, we are all sons and daughters of one God.

That is not to say, of course, that we find it easy to accept into the experience of our own lives those who are different from us. Think, for instance, of the long battle we in the United States have had with racism, whether with Native American Indians or with the Black community. We are not anywhere near a solution to it yet.

The question is, what can help us learn not to consider each other as aliens or foreigners. We can read the scriptures for inspiration and correction, of course. We can listen to Jesus' familiar words about loving God and neighbor as ourselves. The question beyond that, of course, is this: Are there any signs, any solutions we can draw from in the world where we live and work each day? Could world events teach us how live together peacefully and amicably?

Oddly enough, what is helping us realize that we are truly neighbors and that there are no foreigners in this world are two things, perhaps more, but two for sure. First of all, we all need to live, we all need jobs, we all need to eat, we all need protection from the elements. Therefore, people will naturally migrate anywhere in the world where there is food and shelter, whether other people already reside there or not. That is simply a reality. People migrate to where there are sources of life.

The second factor l can think of is something all of us are vividly aware of today: Hurricane Katrina and the great destruction of the city of New Orleans and the Gulf Coast of the United States. As you know, thousands of people have been displaced, moved to other cities, cities where other people already live. Think about that: being forced to move from your own home, being forced to get used to a whole new life in a new and different part of the country, seeking new jobs, new homes, new everything. Not only that, but remember, you would need to be accepted as aliens from another state or city. This is not yet your own place, not yet at least. You came there primarily because you had to; there was no other option.
My point is that we sometimes become foreigners through no choice of our own. In this instance, a hurricane made aliens of many people. They would surely prefer to be back in New Orleans or Gull' Poi or Waveland or wherever their own people lived.

Fortunately, thousands of people, countless folks, have pitched in to help these folks understand that they truly are not aliens: There will be places to live, jobs available, schools and churches to attend. It makes no difference where they came from or flow they got to these new places. They were simply ordinary folks like those to whom they came looking for shelter and food. No one asked what their culture, religion or nationality was.

My point is this: Oddly enough, a natural catastrophe has made us realize that truly there are no aliens anymore. One of the greatest migrations of modern in modern American history has made us neighbors! Isn't that interesting?

So, despite the great disaster we are living with at this moment, we have all learned something about accepting foreign neighbors. An "Act of God" brought it about, odd as that may sound. Sad, however, that it should have taken a natural catastrophe to teach us something about how much we are the same when terror strikes. Would that were an every day experience.

But in the end, we are still left with the question that faces us every day in our personal lives: Who truly is my brother, my sister? That question will continue to bother us as long as we live "cheek-to-jowl" among one another. It should not take a hurricane to help us answer that, do you think?

The scriptures: Exodus 22:20-26, 1 Thessalonians 1:6c -10, Matthew 22:34-40

Posted by Julie Galligan at 10:34 AM.

October 10, 2005

True Citizen, True Christian: Twenty Ninth Sunday in Ordinary Time

I trust that it would not be too offensive to anyone to say that we, citizens of the United States, are generally not very vocal in public about our religious faith. Most folks insist on expressing their faith within the confines of their individual churches. Indeed, we seem to be quite wary about invading the religious domain of others. Some today even say that our country is a truly secular state, at least more secular than it was when the "Founding Fathers" first wrote the Constitution. Today, therefore, many will say that the kingdom of God and the kingdom of Caesar, the State and the Church, are two different realms of reality and neither should trespass on the other.

Given all that, therefore, it is interesting and strange to note how often we, secular or worldly as we seem to be, how often we seem to scuffle with one another over issues that border on principles of religious faith. Practically every week in the news you will find some national issue that seems to attract the attention of people who hold differing positions depending on their religious faith.

The issue of abortion, for instance, has been a "thorn in our side" for years. It is a moral controversy for many people, whether they profess belief in a church or not.

As I write this, John Roberts is preparing to sit before the Senate Judiciary Committee for his confirmation as Supreme Court justice. I am sure he will be grilled about his stance on many issues, secular and sacred. Individuals and groups of different religious or philosophical positions are already preparing their forces to support or disparage his character. All of which tells you that people care about principles, secular or sacred.

In the medical-moral realm we also have taken sides over various issues. Everyone remembers the case of Teri Schiavo and the question of whether her life-support system should have been terminated. People of the Catholic faith surely played a part in that controversy, and not very admirably, I might say.

Then, of course, we have a whole raft of issues that keep arising from time to time when rights of state and church come into conflict: Are Nativity scenes appropriate on city or state property? Should the Ten Commandments be displayed in the public court house? Should we expect our school children to say the Pledge of Allegiance with the words "under God" if their parents feel that this offends the personal faith of their family? Does "a moment of silence" before a public event satisfy everyone's religious duty, or does it intrude on the borders of church and state? As you all know, many people can get very incensed over such questions. So, perhaps we should not say that our country is a secular state or that we have no concern about matters of faith. Obviously, we do. Otherwise why are we in each other's faces so often over questions of religion and politics? Perhaps we are more religious than we might wish to admit.

What all these controversies and tensions lead up to is the question of balancing the common good with individual rights. How can we live together peacefully, maintaining our own religious principles while also respecting those of others different from our own? Obviously, this is not a modern question. As you noticed in the gospel just read, the Jewish people in Jesus time had a particular aversion to paying federal taxes or any taxes for that matter. For some, this was tantamount to making Caesar God.

So, on this occasion some adversaries of Jesus felt that they could shove him into a corner by asking if it was ok to pay taxes to Caesar. If he made a public statement saying "no", he could be held in contempt of civil law. If he said "yes", he would be showing disloyalty to his own Jewish religious principles. As you will notice, however, Jesus "slips" out of the trap by saying in so many words: There are certain rights that Caesar or the state has over you for the common good. You have an obligation to fulfill those for your own good and for that of your fellow citizens. On the other hand, God has certain rights over us as well and, if we are people of faith, we have an obligation to fulfill those too.

So, what Jesus was saying, in so many words, was this: In an ideal world, there should really be no question of either-or, of serving either God or Caesar, of being loyal to the state or to one's faith. It's more a matter of both-and, being loyal and faithful both to God and to Caesar, both to church and state. As human beings, we have obligations both to conscience and to the common good, to ourselves as well as to our sisters and brothers in the world around us. In other words, whenever we (citizens of Caesar) try to serve the best interests of the community by voting, by paying taxes, by showing concern for issues of government, education, health care, public safety, et cetera, we are actually giving God God's due because, no matter what religious faith we happen to espouse, it is still God who deserves our trust and our ultimate loyalty.

One might say, therefore, that it is possible, even important that one be a loyal Christian and a loyal citizen at the same time. There is no reason why these two should need to be in conflict with one another when you fulfill your duty as a citizen, you are also fulfilling your duty as a person of faith.

That means, of course, that you will still attend the "church of your choice" and that you will attend to the doctrines and moral laws of your particular religion, that you will defend fiercely certain conscience positions on ethical issues, but in doing so, you will need to think also about the common good about what serves best the needs of your brothers and sisters in the community.

Does this mean that we will not debate with one another occasionally, even often, on how to apply principles of religion or the natural law to this specific secular issue? Not at all. Indeed, that is what we are called to do: To debate issues, to search for the truth, to help each other find a common ground where we can all live peacefully with one another, worshiping the same God, being loyal also to the government which is meant to serve us as a family, God's people.

The scriptures: Isaiah 45: 1, 4-6, 1 Thessalonians 1:1-5b, Matthew 2:15-21+

Posted by Julie Galligan at 11:20 AM.

October 04, 2005

Heavenly Celebrations: Twenty Eighth Sunday in Ordinary Time

As many pastors will tell you, one of the "perks" of the job is the pleasure of celebrating marriages and being invited to either the wedding rehearsal dinner or the actual wedding banquet itself. I can attest to attendance at many of these pleasant events.

I must also confess that my favorite wedding celebrations over the years have been with either the Filipino or the Polish communities. Not that other nationalities do not celebrate as well, but these folks seem to know how to celebrate by pulling out all the stops! Indeed, Polish wedding receptions can go on for close to twenty four hours, long into the Sunday morning hours when I am expected to be present at another celebration, the liturgy of the Mass. Nonetheless, most ethnic groups surely know one thing: Weddings are meant to be celebrated: Food and drink, dancing and conversation, all in good taste, of course!

What is there about weddings that induces folks to "turn up" the celebration volume? Rarely do other life events seem to stimulate such spontaneous expressions of pleasure and enjoyment.

My sense is that marriages are viewed as once-in-a-lifetime events, at least in the ideal world. It does not always work out that way, but that is the hope and the promise on that special day when two individuals "pledge their troth." For any other human event with shorter expectations, we would hardly go to all the expense that weddings involve. Wedding banquets, I am told, for instance, can cost the parents upwards of between five and ten thousand dollars, the down payment on a modest home. This does not include the food and wine, transportation and the rest. So, obviously, people seem to feel that weddings are worth the effort and the expense.

I think there is actually a spiritual motivation behind all these expensive preparations. People consider weddings sacred moments in their lives. Granted, there is always much secular (expensive) preparation as well, as we have seen, but ultimately people seem to feel that there is a sacred dimension to the promises they make at this time in their lives. Therefore, let us celebrate it, lift it up to God.

Interestingly, it seems that celebrations are not celebrations unless one can eat and drink well (again, in all modesty, of course!) Because this is not an ordinary day, one can hardly expect to be served ordinary food and drink. The very quality of the food and drink tells you something about the importance of the event itself. In other words, the quality of the food on the table tells you how significant this event is for people. Therefore, in our own day when Jumbo Freighter Jets can supply us with food from all over the world, wedding menus, indeed, even ordinary restaurant menus, can be expected to offer us some rather exotic fare.

You might have noticed the background for all this in the scriptures for this Sunday. When Isaiah (first reading) wants to explain the love of God to his audience, he draws on metaphors that talk about the best that people could expect to eat and drink in those days: Rich food and choice wines. Whether folks in those days actually ever got to eat such rich fare in their daily lives is doubtful, but that is of no concern to Isaiah. This is a case of "overkill," hyperbole, exaggeration. He simply wants to say that their God is a God of abundance. Nothing is too good for the people God loves. So, all this is not about food and drink. Rather, it is a metaphor about God, the God who wipes away tears, who will destroy death forever, the One who will remove sadness from the whole earth.

Jesus, being a person who also knew something about "overkill," tells a story about a king who finances a wedding for his son. (Nothing is said about the bride, unfortunately!). So, the invitation went out to everyone. "Come, eat and drink, no charge. This is a celebration you don't want to miss. " As the story describes it, however, some people had better things to do despite the promise of veal and wine.

Once again, as before, this is not a story about kings and sons, about veal and wine. It is the way Jesus decides to describe the relationship of God to his people. If you want to imagine what God is like: Think about the fanciest wedding you could imagine, and that's only for "starters." Our God is not a "cheapskate," Jesus says. God offers the best, but you need to be ready to accept the invitation. Otherwise, you go hungry. Too bad.

So, what could all this mean in the context of the wedding feast we call the Mass which we celebrate Sunday after Sunday in this church? First of all, we come here already dressed in our "wedding garment." It's the baptismal garment we received years ago when we were baptized. It was on that day too that we received the first invitation to continue coming to this banquet we call Eucharist. We always have the option, of course, to decline the invitation: Sunday NFL or hockey games, whatever. But the invitation is always open. And if we accept, you can be sure that our experience at Mass on Sunday morning will be rich, richer than lying in bed until noon, for sure!
The point, of course, also is that we don't come to this banquet with empty hands, waiting for God to do all the work. We bring to this table all our gifts and talents which are, in turn, brought to the table with our material gifts, our financial support of our parish. All this together provides the rich fare for the banquet. Christ, on his part provides the gift of himself in the signs of bread and wine. So, as the 'liturgy describes it, there is an exchange of gifts: We bring something and Christ accepts it and gives it back as even richer fare.

It occurs to me, finally, that what makes this banquet such a memorable occasion each Sunday is what happens afterwards: The time we spend with one another, sharing a cup of coffee or juice, donuts or rolls and conversation. It doesn't sound much like a wedding feast, but it's the intention, the effort that counts. At wedding banquets, people get to know one another even though they have never met before. T he same could be said of our Sunday experience: It's a time to build the body of Christ, the Christian community. It's an opportunity to take time with people, a few moments which will extend themselves into the week we will spend in other places, doing other things.

So, let's not be "cheapskates" with our gifts. Let us imagine that when we come here, we are at the most fabulous dinner we've ever been invited to. We will not go home hungry, you can bet on it.

The scriptures: Isaiah 25: 6-10, Philippians 4: 12-14, 19-20 Matthew: 22: 1-14

Posted by Julie Galligan at 09:27 AM.